Methodology for Selecting Communication Protocols in M2M Systems

Abstract

This article presents a methodology for the analysis and classification of communication protocols and data stream management systems used in machine-to-machine (M2M) environments. The focus is placed on non-functional characteristics such as latency, reliability, scalability, security, and message ordering, and their relevance in protocol selection across different functional domains. A comparative evaluation of established protocols - including MQTT, HTTP/1.1-3, Kafka, Pulsar, RabbitMQ, AMQP, and CoAP - is conducted based on objective criteria and existing literature. Building on this foundation, hybrid architectures are proposed that combine multiple technologies according to the criticality and technical requirements of specific scenarios. The paper offers structured recommendations for communication strategies in M2M contexts, with empirical validation planned as the subject of future work.